They also have vital functions in controlling the FA metabolism of different types of malignancies through ceRNA-related mechanisms.[33–35] Xie et al discovered that PVT1 enhances the growth of ccRCC cells by acting as a sponge for miR-328-3p, resulting in the upregulation of FAM193B and the activation of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways.[51] Zhang et al[52] conducted a recent study which found that PVT1 levels were significantly increased in ccRCC tissues. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.