Chymase inhibition with chymostatin reduced myocardial active TGF-β1 levels in rats subjected to pressure overload by transverse aortic constriction (TAC), suggesting that activation of latent TGF-β1 is one of the pathways by which cardiac mast cell-derived chymase contributes to myocardial fibrosis [148]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and Myocardial fibrosis.