Alterations in mtDNA genes such as NADH-dehydrogenase genes (MT-ND1, MT-ND5 and MT-ND6), cytochrome b (MT-CYB), cytochrome c oxidase I and II (MT-CO1 and MT-CO2), and ATP synthase 6 (MT-ATP6), have been described in dilated cardiomyopathies [40]. The gene discussed is MT-CO1; the disease is dilated cardiomyopathy.