Some recognized pitfalls of the Gail model are the inclusion of first-degree relatives only, which may result in underestimation of risk, lack of consideration of age of onset in one’s family history, as well as personal history of breast cancer, ductal or lobular carcinoma in situ, or known genetic mutations such as BRCA1 or BRCA2. This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and breast carcinoma.