In diabetic Wistar rats, we have found no change in retinal 4-HNE, which is an oxidative stress marker; however, NADPH oxidase, an oxidative stress producer, was significantly higher in the diabetic retinas [19] with excessive oxidative stress having been thoroughly examined and firmly associated with cardiovascular and atherosclerotic manifestations of DM [20,21,22,23]. The gene discussed is FMO5; the disease is diabetes mellitus.