CD8A and neoplasm: When a ligand expression value was larger than its median value, the ligand expression status was defined as “high expression;” otherwise, the status was defined as “low expression.” Next, considering the differences in the impacts of each ligand’s expression on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T frequency, for the four important ligands (Gal-9, MHC II, Gal-3 and PD-L1), the item is scored as “2” when any one of them is defined as “highly expression”; otherwise, it is scored as “0”.