Consistently, intraperitoneal injection of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG), serving as FSH to stimulate follicle growth, failed to induce AF development, while human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), serving as LH to induce oocyte maturation and ovulation, failed to induce ovulation in dcKO mice (Figure 2J-M). Here, PLOD1 is linked to atrial fibrillation.