By reactivating anti-tumor T cell functions, immune checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis showed promising results in clinical trials enrolling Hodgkin lymphoma, follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients (Kline et al., 2020), witnessing to the key role of this inhibitory signaling axis in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.