RTN4R and diabetic retinopathy: 2009; Siracusa et al. 2020). NGR1, a traditional Chinese medicine, has garnered significant attention for its haemostatic and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, NGR1 is known to protects the mitochondria. Zhou et al. (2019) found that NGR1 ameliorated diabetic retinopathy through Pink1-dependent activation during mitophagy. Additionally, Liu B et al. (2022) found that NGR1 alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby preventing neuronal energy failure during acute focal cerebral ischemia.