Moreover, numerous Ser/Thr kinases (STKs) were either increased (e.g., GRK2, ROCK2, ROCK1, PAK1) or decreased (e.g., BMP2K, TNIK, MYLK, and NRBP1) in expression in the patient samples, suggesting a widespread change in the kinome caused by pathogen infection (Fig. 4A). This evidence concerns the gene PAK1 and infection.