BHLHE40 and breast carcinoma: Furthermore, CAF-modified genes, including B4GALT1 and BHLHE40, are highly correlated with, or induced by, TGF-β in breast cancers [44], and DLC1 expression, which was inhibited by CAFs in breast cancer cells, was shown previously to modify a subset of TGF-β-induced genes that promoted osteolytic bone metastasis via paracrine interactions [21].