ATF6 and colitis: Ketone bodies not only play an important role in energy homeostasis but also have many functions, such as regulating immune cells, affecting the gut microbiota, and inhibiting inflammation, and antiaging β-hydroxybutyric acid can promote the M2-type polarization of macrophages through the transduction and transcription activating factor 6 signaling pathway, thereby alleviating colitis in mice [35].