Being the predominant macrophages infiltrating tumor tissues, M2 macrophages contribute to the establishment of a suppressive TIME by secreting inhibitory cytokines, inducing apoptosis in immune cells, directly attenuating TCR and BCR signaling through PD-1/PD-L1 axis, and collaborating with other immune cells to exert suppressive functions 121,122. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.