BMP4 and polygenic risk score: While genetic causes of PRS have not been completely elucidated, some patients with microdeletions at 20p12.3 and 14q22.1-q32.1, which encompass BMP2 and BMP4, respectively, present with PRS, suggesting that BMP signaling plays a key role in mandible development and PRS (Sahoo et al., 2011; Capkova et al., 2017).