Other compounds like KL4, a surfactant approved for respiratory distress in neonates, have shown promise for radiation-induced lung damage,33 with potential for use in SM exposures as well, based on the reported efficacy of other surfactants.34,35 Similarly, products indicated for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), including drugs that target pathways known to be involved in fibrosis (e.g., transforming growth factor β, PDGFR α and β; FGFR, VEGFR, tyrosine kinases), could be used for both radiation and SM indications to interfere with the lung injury cascade. The gene discussed is KDR; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.