In the treatment-naive lung cancer TME of PD-1 blockade responders, Chen et al. [68] identified spatially localized “stem-immunity hubs” that lack B cells, in contrast to TLSs, where cDC1-derived LAMP3+CCL19+IL12B+ DCs are most frequently adjacent to conventional CD4+ T cells and Tregs [68]. Here, PDCD1 is linked to lung carcinoma.