Such DEGs, found upregulated in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, include hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PD) that contributes to metabolic reprogramming in glioma stem cells81, protein tyrosine kinase 2β (PTK2B) that enhances glioma cell migration82, and catalase (CAT) that regulates chemo- and radioresistance in glioblastoma83. Here, H6PD is linked to glioma.