AGER and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Alternatively, overexpressing miR-23a-5p or applying a miRNA mimic in vitro, or injection with miR-23a-5p agomir in vivo can suppress RAGE upregulation, ROS signaling and downstream inflammatory factor secretion, ultimately conferring therapeutic effects ameliorating damage from lung inflammation and alveolar structural destruction, and inhibiting COPD progression.