Grx1 has been shown to attenuate apoptosis following elevated levels of H2O2 and protein carbonylation induced by high glucose in vascular endothelial cells (EC) [39,40], as well as high glucose-induced cardiac matrix metalloproteinase-induced cardiotoxicity [46], and cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury [44]. The gene discussed is GLRX; the disease is ischemia.