Disappointingly, current strategies to augment cholinergic function, such as cholinesterase inhibitors, have not had a strong clinical impact on several neuropsychiatric illnesses such as dementia, delirium, schizophrenia, and ADHD because of both insufficient benefit and significant side effects (Biederman et al., 2006; Cubo et al., 2008; Siddiqi et al., 2016; Singh et al., 2012). The gene discussed is BCHE; the disease is dementia.