BDNF and schizophrenia: Medications used for schizophrenia treatment like antipsychotics show an increase in BDNF levels in patients with schizophrenia (Fernandes et al., 2015; Mosiołek et al., 2023), and cannabis use is thought to be associated with worse outcomes in patients with psychosis and schizophrenia (Bersani et al., 2002; Schoeler et al., 2016; Zammit et al., 2008).