This signature was subsequently refined and condensed into a fixed 20-gene panel (Th-1 signaling interferon related IFNG, TBX21, CD8A/B, IL12B, STAT1, and IRF1; CXCR3/CCR5 chemoattraction related CXCL9, CXCL10 and CCL5; cytotoxic functions related GNLY, PRF, GZMA, GZMB, and GZMH; immune regulatory related IDO1, CTLA4, CD274, PDCD1 and FOXP3), demonstrating its prognostic relevance across various cancer types, including breast cancer (18), neuroblastoma (19), and soft-tissue sarcoma (20), as well as its association with responsiveness to immunotherapy (18). Here, CD8A is linked to cancer.