TWIST1 and carcinoma: EMT is also thought now to be involved in carcinoma cells’ acquisition of stem-like properties7–10 and resistance to anti-cancer drugs.11–15 As a transient and reversible cellular process, EMT could allow interconversions of CSCs and non-CSCs, by decreasing (e.g., E-cadherin) and increasing the expressions of EMT factors (e.g., vimentin, N-cadherin, ZEB, SNAIL, and TWIST).2,16 Among the EMT factors, transcription factors (e.g., TWIST, ZEB, and SNAIL) are particularly important for EMT initiation,17 stemness acquisition,7,9,10,16 and resistance to chemotherapy.18