Meanwhile, we performed MS experiments to test the metabolic levels in several tumor tissues (including 8 pairs HLRCC and 6 pairs ccRCC samples), as showed in Fig. 3G–I and Supplementary Fig. S3H–J, it was found that the expression levels of fumarate, glutamine and GSH were significantly up-regulated in FH-deficient RCC compared with ccRCC. This evidence concerns the gene FH and neoplasm.