PGM5 and Familial prostate cancer: Through the analysis of seven datasets (TCGA, GSE30521, GSE4602, GSE55945, GSE69223 GSE104131, and GSE200879), we identified two upregulated genes (AMACR and GCNT1) and seven downregulated genes (TGFB3, SRD5A2, PGM5, HOXD10, AOX1, HSPB6, and SNAI2) in prostate cancer compared to normal tissue (Fig. 1A–E, Supplementary Fig. 1A, B).