VDR and cancer: Furthermore, many studies have demonstrated the role of 1,25-(OH)2D3 in regulating VDR and various other genes such as TNF-α, CYP3A4, c-FOS, c-Jun, CCND1, Snail1, Snail2, CDH1, AXIN2, TCF-4, TCF7L2, etc. to exhibit anti-cancer property by suppressing the CRC hallmarks [259, 261, 262, 270, 274].