In contrast, small molecule-based PD-L1 radiotracers yielded fewer promising outcomes (Ważyńska et al. 2023), mainly caused by high nonspecific binding, relatively low in vivo tumor uptake, and primarily hepatobiliary clearance (Miao et al. 2020; Maier et al. 2022; Xu et al. 2023). Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.