CHRNA5 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: To further investigate CHRNA5’s connection with tobacco-related HNSCC, we analyzed the survival status of patients based on CHRNA5 expression and discovered that high CHRNA5 corresponded to a significantly lower disease-specific survival and significantly lower progression-free survival, both of which correspond with typical observation that tobacco-related HNSCCs have worse prognoses (Figure 1D).