In breast cancer cells, AKR1B10 expression enhances cellular levels of important lipid second messengers, such as phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2), diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol triphosphate (IP3), and thus activates PKC/ERK signaling cascade, promoting tumor growth 29. The gene discussed is PRRT2; the disease is breast cancer.