Especially, cucurbitacin I (CuI) has an anticancer effect on several types of cancer cells, including lung cancer, glioma, and breast cancer, via inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and suppressing the proliferation of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo (Alghasham, 2013; Chen et al., 2012; Kumar et al., 2023). Here, STAT3 is linked to cancer.