KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the genes located in pCNVs significantly clustered in the following eleven pathways (Fig. 3C), renal cell carcinoma (P = 1.68E−05), lysine degradation (P = 5.86E−04), human papillomavirus (P = 1.15E−03), MAPK signaling pathway (P = 1.16E−03), platinum drug resistance (P = 1.28E−03), citrate cycle (TCA cycle) (P = 1.43E−03), pancreatic cancer (P = 1.58E−03), chronic myeloid leukemia (P = 1.58E−03), NF-κB signaling pathway (P = 1.66E−03), focal adhesion (P = 1.84E−03) and HIF-1 signaling pathway (P = 2.18E−03). Here, HIF1A is linked to hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.