Analysis of serum cytokines revealed that while infected control mice showed dramatic spikes in levels of IL-5, IL-6, CXCL1, and G-CSF on day two, their concentrations remained relatively constant over seven days of infection for C3−/− mice, and there was no difference in viral load in the lungs of C3−/− compared to control mice [119]. The gene discussed is C3; the disease is infection.