Overactivation of the AngII/AT1 axis in neurons and glial cells promotes major processes involved in PD progression, such as oxidative stress by activation of the NADPH-oxidase complex (Nox; the second most relevant source of cellular ROS after the mitochondria), leading to further increase in ROS production from mitochondria via Mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels19,20. The gene discussed is AGTR1; the disease is Parkinson disease.