Factors affecting BMD in boys and girls with T1DM also differ notably.300 Male T1DM patients showed lower 25(OH)D levels and higher PTH levels than control individuals, while no such differences were found in females with T1DM.301 All these reports suggest sex differences in the pathological mechanisms underlying T1DM-induced osteoporosis. The gene discussed is PTH; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.