GK and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: In our study, we utilized the cBioPortal database to analyze the mutation of the GK gene in ESCA samples, incorporating various databases such as TCGA, MSK, ICGC, DGCI, UCLA, etc. Figure 4A illustrates the GK gene's mutation status across different pathological types of ESCA, with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) showing the highest mutation frequency at 4.78%.