The expression of NAD(P)H (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate) oxidase subunits NOX4 and p22phox are upregulated in the kidney of diabetic rats, which suggest that continuous hyperglycemia can induce protein kinase C(PKC)-dependent activation of NAD(P)H oxidase, vascular NAD(P)H oxidase drives the production of ROS, these conditions will eventually contribute to diabetic nephropathy [4]. The gene discussed is FMO5; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.