MTOR and central nervous system cancer: Liu et al. (2015) showed that chronic fluoxetine treatment reversed the decreased expression of mTOR, p70S6K, 4E-BP-1, PSD-95, and synapsin I in the hippocampus and amygdala of CUMS-induced mice (Liu et al., 2015). Xu et al. (2018, 2020) demonstrated that hippocampal mTOR signaling is required for the antidepressant effects of fluvoxamine and paroxetine (Xu et al., 2018, 2020). In contrast, several studies have suggested that imipramine exerts its effects by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in the human glioma cell line U-87MG or hippocampus of rats (Jeon et al., 2011; Pottoo et al., 2021).