Platelet activation and thrombin activation together with fibrinolyticactivity are known to induce the risk of thromboembolic complicationsin DCM patients.37,38 Insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) wereboth highly up-regulated in DCM patients. The gene discussed is IGF2; the disease is familial dilated cardiomyopathy.