ALB and Ureteral obstruction: Animal studies have found that even though the glomerular filtration rate returns to baseline when the ureter is relieved 24–72 h after unilateral ureteral obstruction, longitudinal studies have found impaired urinary concentration, albumin leakage, interstitial fibrosis, altered pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic markers, and impaired response of the obstructed kidney to stimuli (Hammad et al., 2014; Hu et al., 2019).