Abbreviations: ABC: AD Neuropathology scoring system; AD: Alzheimer’s disease; APOE: apolipoprotein E; CAA: cerebral amyloid angiopathy; CAMCOG: Cambridge cognition examination; F: female; M: male; MMSE: Mini Mental state examination; N: number of subjects; na: not available; NPD: no pathological diagnosis; PSND: post-stroke non-demented; PSD: post-stroke dementia; VaD: vascular dementia; WM: white matter. This evidence concerns the gene APOE and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.