IDO1 and breast neoplasm: Therefore, ex vivo calcitriol treatment resulted in a decreased immunosuppressive phenotype in CAFs derived from breast tumors of vitamin D3-deficient (decreased CCL2, TNC, IDO1, MMP-2) and vitamin D3-normal (CCL2, TNC, MMP-2), premenopausal (CCL2, TNC, IDO1, MMP-2), and postmenopausal patients (CCL2, TNC—only 1 nM, MMP-2 or MMP-9), as well as in CAFs isolated from metastatic (CCL2, TNC, TGFβ, MMP-2) or nonmetastatic (CCL2, TNC, MMP-2) tumors.