Overall, the characterization of leishmanial-isoenzymes and the measurement of antioxidant activity of crucial antioxidant enzymes, including SOD and GPX, might reveal more information in the biology, pathogenicity, and metabolic pathways of Leishmania parasites and consequently drive to designing of novel therapeutic strategies in leishmaniasis treatment [13, 14]. This evidence concerns the gene SOD1 and leishmaniasis.