3) This study does not examine additional parturition factors in UEVs, such as placental growth factors like EG-VEGF, known to play a role in parturition (Dunand et al., 2014) and predicting PB (Raia-Barjat et al., 2023), or microRNA profiles that potentially differentiate PB prediction from TB (Winger et al., 2020). Here, VEGFA is linked to tuberculosis.