Arenas-Hernandez et al. (2019) demonstrated that T-cell activation by anti-CD3 induced PB via the overexpression of IL-6 and IFNγ. In animal studies, IL-22 and IL-6 have been identified as factors related to PB (Gilman-Sachs et al., 2018), and abnormal dendritic cell population and activity have been implicated in recurrent abortion, which might be rescued by the immune modulation of baicalin (Lai et al., 2022). In a birth cohort study, IL-6 was a risk factor of PB in underweight pregnant women, while IL-2 was a protective factor of PB in overweight pregnant women (Curry et al., 2009). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and abortion.