Increase in levels of TSH has also been testified in infertile males15 which is based on reduced thyroid hormones effecting steroidogenesis, proliferation and differentiation of non-germ cells, and motility of sperm.16 High estradiol levels and obesity in the NOA group are similar to the outcomes of other researches in obese infertile males17 which is due to high aromatase activity causing conversion of testosterone to estradiol.18 This evidence concerns the gene CYP19A1 and obesity disorder.