PAK1 and Insulin resistance: Nowadays, the role of miRNA in GDM is attracting more and more attention.33 For example, miRNA-221 inhibits islet β cell function in GDM by regulating p21-activated protein kinase (PAK1).34 MiR-351 relieves insulin resistance by the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway in GDM mice.35 Herein, the results of our study unveiled that the serum miR-122 expression in the RG was higher than that in the CG, suggesting that the abnormal expression of miR-122 in GDM patients may be related to insulin resistance.