IL23A and neoplasm: To identify the cellular sources of IL-23 in the TME, we investigated the expression of Il23a (encoding IL-23p19) in single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells in the mouse B16-F10 tumor model18 (hereafter B16; Fig. 1a–c) and mouse pan-tumor T cells from 21 cancer entities19 (Extended Data Fig. 1c).