THBS1 and myopia: THBS1 is a known activator of TGF-β1 in vivo (Lopez-Dee et al. 2011) and TGF-β1 pathway has been determined as one of the most important pathways during myopia development (McBrien 2013; Jobling et al. 2008; Meng et al. 2015; Zha et al. 2009).