Although only a few of these pathologies are accompanied by insulin secretion defects and diabetes, primary cilia have attracted attention in the diabetes research field since the discoveries that beta cell-selective cilia loss in mice causes impaired insulin secretion and glucose intolerance, indicating bona fide roles of primary cilia in major beta cell pathways [6, 7, 11] (reviewed in [12, 13]). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Glucose intolerance.