INS and Glucose intolerance: Deletion of beta cell cilia, combined with GLI2 overexpression, causes exacerbated Hh signalling that leads to reduced insulin secretion and glucose intolerance, at least in part due to reduced expression of beta cell identity markers (Pdx1, Nkx6-1, Mafa, Neurod1 [also known as Neurod], Neurog3 [also known as Ngn3]) and upregulation of the precursor cell markers Hes1 and Sox9 [44].