By analyzing tumor samples from 358 atezolizumab-treated HCC patients enrolled in the GO30140 phase 1b or IMbrave150 phase 3 trials or obtained from the TCGA database, we found that aberrantly high HKDC1 expression in tumor tissues could predict shorter survival of HCC patients treated with anti-PD-1 therapy. The gene discussed is HKDC1; the disease is neoplasm.