HKDC1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: To validate the effects of HKDC1 inhibition as a potential intervention strategy for HCC progression in vivo, we inoculated Hepa1-6 cells via the hepatic portal vein in C57BL/6 immune-competent mice and employed a PLGA-based vesicle-like nanoparticle to deliver siRNAs targeting HKDC1 (VNPsiHKDC1/MTO; siHKDC1 hereafter) or deliver control siRNAs (VNPsiCrtl/MTO; siCtrl hereafter) into tumor cells.