SENDs significantly upregulate the mRNA expression of GPX1 in pancreatic tissues of T2DM mice established using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) treatment, increases protein expressions of Parkin, PINK1, and LC3-II/I, restores pancreatic mitophagy, and significantly reduces the mRNA expression of glucose-regulating protein 78 (GRP78), protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF-2α), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and C/BEBP homologous protein (CHOP), and effectively inhibits ERS and apoptosis. This evidence concerns the gene ATF4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.